Tag: Newswise

Case Western Reserve Researchers Using AI at Hair-Width Scale to Reveal Renaissance Master’s Hidden Hand | Newswise

[ad_1] Newswise — CLEVELAND—Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) researchers are using artificial intelligence (AI) and physics at the width of a single hair to peer into the surface of Renaissance paintings, offering new clues about how masterpieces were made—and by whom. Researchers—from the physics and the art history departments—found a new way to read 400-year-old […]

A Reusable Chip for Particulate Matter Sensing | Newswise

[ad_1] Newswise — Fine airborne particles are especially challenging to monitor because particle size affects both how long they remain suspended in air and how deeply they can penetrate into the respiratory system. PM2.5 is of particular concern because of its association with adverse health effects. Existing techniques, including beta-ray absorption, gravimetric methods, and light-scattering […]

Teaching Neural Networks Where Errors Matter | Newswise

[ad_1] Newswise — This study introduces volume weighting physics-informed neural networks (VW-PINNs), a new framework that changes how residual errors are evaluated during training. By weighting the PDE residual according to the volume occupied by collocation points in the computational domain, the method avoids over-learning in regions where collocation points are densely sampled. A sufficient […]

Industrial Chemicals Delay Recovery of the Ozone Layer | Newswise

[ad_1] BYLINE: Manuel Martin Newswise — Although ozone-depleting chemicals such as carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) or certain chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are no longer used in refrigerators and foams, they continue to serve as feedstocks in industrial processes for the production of modern refrigerants and plastics. Until now, these so-called feedstock chemicals have flown under the radar of […]

DESI completa el mapa 3D más grande del Universo | Newswise

[ad_1] Newswise — Anoche, los 5.000 “ojos” de fibra óptica del Instrumento Espectroscópico para el Estudio de la Energía Oscura (DESI, por sus siglas en inglés) apuntaron hacia una región del cielo cercana a la Osa Menor. Cada 20 minutos aproximadamente, se enfocaban en puntos de luz lejanos, captando fotones que habían viajado durante miles de […]

Accessing Dynamic Electrochemical Interfaces

[ad_1] The Science Newswise — Electrodes’ surfaces drive reactions that are critical to energy conversion. In batteries, electrodes accept and release electrons. This process charges and discharges the battery. However, scientists know little about the chemistry of these surfaces during this process. Techniques that are sensitive to these surfaces require a vacuum or conditions that are […]

How a Plant Hormone Slows Apple Ripening by Rewriting Protein Fate | Newswise

[ad_1] Newswise — Ethylene is a central hormone controlling ripening in climacteric fruits such as apple, tomato, and banana, coordinating color change, softening, and flavor development. While manipulating ethylene production has long been a target for improving fruit storage, most approaches focus on enzyme activity or gene expression rather than upstream regulatory mechanisms. Salicylic acid […]

DESI Completes Planned 3D Map of the Universe and Continues Exploring

[ad_1] BYLINE: Lauren Biron Newswise — Last night, the 5,000 fiber-optic eyes of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) swiveled onto a patch of sky near the Little Dipper. Roughly every 20 minutes, they locked on to distant pinpricks of light, gathering photons that had traveled toward Earth for billions of years. When the sun […]

These Teabags Aren’t for Making Tea — They Remove Arsenic | Newswise

[ad_1] Newswise — Arsenic contamination in drinking water is a global issue, with over 200 million people estimated to be at risk. While water treatment plants remove the metal, the problem persists in low-resource areas or undertreated well water. So, researchers reporting in ACS Omega have designed a simple solution: an arsenic-removing teabag. The system is inexpensive, costing around 7 cents to clean a liter of water, and highly effective, removing over 90% of the arsenic ions present.  “Clean drinking water should not depend on access to expensive […]