If you’ve ever left the house only to wonder whether you turned off the stove or unplugged your curling tongs, you’re not alone. However, this uncertainty doesn’t have to be your destiny.

In Japan, railway operators use a simple but powerful technique to avoid mistakes. And this method might be exactly what you need to stay focused on everyday tasks. It’s called “shisa kanko”.

“Shisa kanko essentially means ‘pointing and calling,’ which is used to improve attentiveness and accuracy,” said Joy Gallon, a licensed therapist with Thriveworks. “It was developed as a method of ensuring safety on the Japanese railway system. Operators are trained to focus on and point at an object such as a signal or stopping point and verbally ‘call out’ the name of the object.”

Research by Japan’s Railway Technical Research Institute in 1994 found that the practice of shisa kanko reduced incidents of human error by almost 85%.

“Because the practice uses eyes, hands, mouth and ears, it actively engages the senses,” Gallon said. “Studies have shown that it increases the blood flow to the frontal lobes, which is where our reasoning, logic and ability to see future consequences of current actions lie.”

In other words, it’s a multimodal system for attention and memory.

“The brain has to see something, say something and do something, so we are using our visual system, our motor system and our auditory system,” said therapist Rachael Bloom. “This reduces error because if one ‘system’ fails, there are two backup systems that have the same information.”

This approach is important for high-stakes daily tasks such as operating a train system – as well as smaller, mundane things like using a curling iron.

“Our brains are built for survival, so we spend a lot of time operating based on habit,” said time management coach Anna Dearmon Kornick. “When we take actions based in habit, we expend less cognitive energy, which allows us to preserve energy.”

Daily routine tasks like curling your hair tend to happen in autopilot or default mode, which means you don’t tend to remember them as clearly. That’s why so many people end up with uncertainty around questions like “Did I unplug my curling iron?” or “Did I turn off the stove?”

“Introducing something that is not part of the default mode helps you remember it,” Dearmon Kornick said. “A non-default mode action could be making a weird sound, snapping your fingers, clapping your hands or singing a song, which helps you stay more conscious.”

So while it might feel silly to point and make a sound at once, the shisa kanko method can be incredibly effective by bringing greater awareness to consequential tasks.

“It requires you to make two or more physical ‘checks’ or confirmations of your actions,” said Rashelle Isip, a productivity coach at The Order Expert. “These checks shift your thoughts into the realm of physical action, which requires more effort. This might mean pointing, picking up an item or speaking aloud.”

In addition to improving safety in different industries, shisa kanko can help with personal focus or error prevention.

“I’ve used aspects of this method to help me improve my focus or anchor myself during the day while performing everyday tasks like making phone calls, exercising or getting ready for the day,” Isip said.

It’s another way to engage in mindfulness overall.

“When we are present, or mindful, we notice our surroundings better, are able to see the potential for error and course correct,” Gallon said. “Shisa kanko involves literally pointing at the object and naming it, which essentially grounds us in that moment.”

A method like shisa kanko could be particularly helpful for people with ADHD or other forms of neurodivergence that impact focus and memory.

“When the ADHD brain finds stimulation, it also finds regulation,” said Billy Roberts, a therapist at Focused Mind ADHD Counselling. “By engaging multiple senses, the ADHD brain can become more engaged in that behaviour. Think of it as a form of active listening. If a person with ADHD repeats what was just said, the words will be encoded better due to repetition.”

Terry Matlen, a psychotherapist and ADHD consultant, noted that some of her clients with ADHD sing a short verse of a song to help them remember certain things. For example, they might take the tune of “London Bridge Is Falling Down” and sing “Need to turn the oven off, oven off, oven off ….”

“Executive function is impaired to some degree in everyone with ADHD – planning, organising, initiating, memory,” Matlen said. “So simply thinking to yourself, ‘I need to remember to turn off the stove after I finish cooking,’ just might not be enough.”

“I often talk out loud when needing to remember something – i.e., ‘call back Susan, call back Susan,’” she added. ”You can add another modality to saying things out loud, like tapping your wrist while saying it. Or in the case of traditional shisa kanko, pointing and verbalising.”

The experts who spoke to HuffPost agreed that shisa kanko helps people with ADHD by increasing conscious attention. Some noted that dopamine may play a supporting role as well, though more research is needed to fully explore that.

“Vocal stimming – like humming or singing – can increase dopamine and enhance focus for some people with ADHD,” Roberts said. “Humming and singing can be grounding when a person feels overwhelmed or anxious.”

Experts emphasised that it’s not just about making noise but what that action represents or accomplishes – for example, self-soothing.

“Self-stimulatory behaviours, including vocal stims, can release dopamine because they work with the part of the brain that deals with reward – but not simply because someone is ‘making a sound,’” Bloom noted.

In this sense, making a particular vocal expression is more about calming down your nervous system, self-regulating, self-motivating or breaking out of boredom. But a dopamine release related to shisa kanko might also simply be associated with accomplishing a task.

“Every time we knock even something small off our to-do list, we get a hit of dopamine and feel really good,” Dearmon Kornick said. “So if you decide to make a weird noise as you unplug your straightener, you might get the dopamine release of ‘Woo! I did what I said I was going to do.’”

There are ways to incorporate the method or even the spirit of shisa kanko into your everyday life.

“Try using this technique to reinforce the importance of information or actions in your daily routine,” Isip suggested. “Maybe you don’t want to forget your glasses before you leave for work or you don’t want to ignore an important letter on your desk. That might mean speaking aloud, picking up an object, handwriting a note, snapping your fingers or adding a reminder to a notetaking app.”

You can experiment with different approaches and find which ones work for you.

“Someone with ADHD could apply this to virtually everything they frequently forget to do – taking medication, packing what they need for the day, remembering daily tasks,” Bloom said.

“People with ADHD are most likely to forget or make mistakes on tasks that are repetitive, mundane and non-urgent, so using strategies that disrupt autopilot to ensure accuracy with this type of task makes a lot of sense.”

It can be as simple as pointing at your door handle and saying, “I’ve locked the door,” or at the light switch and saying, “I’ve turned off the lights,” as you leave the house. Or maybe you point at your keys and wallet and say “keys” and “wallet” to remember to bring them with you.

“Another option is to use it whenever you’re feeling overwhelmed, frustrated or stressed,” Isip said. “You probably already use some form of this technique in your daily life to help you refocus your attention and balance your thoughts. That might look like saying aloud, ‘Take a deep breath and relax,’ ‘You’ve got this!,’ ‘Time to get back on track,’ ‘OK, where were we?’ or ‘Let’s take it from the top.’”

Bringing mindfulness to these moments helps you regain a sense of calm, focus and agency.

“Use a meditation involving noticing and naming objects in the environment around you, combined with a reinforcing phrase and/or gesture to help manage negative thoughts and improve concentration,” Gallon said.

She noted that many therapists recommend a grounding strategy that guides you to name five things you can see, four things you can touch, three things you can hear, two things you can smell and one thing you can hear.

“Shisa kanko has been touted as a ‘habit hack’ for fighting bad habits such as doomscrolling, which we know can be very detrimental to a person’s mental health,” Gallon added.

Of course, it takes practice and time to successfully implement any strategy to the fullest. So be patient as you explore this method.

“You can make use of elements of shisa kanko in everyday life by using it to confirm, reinforce or anchor either a habit, information or skill,” Isip said. “Try using it when starting or ending your workday, transitioning between tasks, confirming appointment details, paying for goods and services or even motivating yourself to act.”

She suggested saying phrases aloud along the lines of “Time to get to work,” “The appointment is April 16th at 10 AM” or “Let’s have a good workout session!”

Shisa kanko can be useful for avoidance-ridden behaviours, Matlen noted. People with ADHD in particular tend to struggle to start a task, stay on task and/or finish the task.

“An adult with ADHD who is facing an unpleasant task causing them angst and anxiety – say, de-cluttering their desk at work – might point to one piece of paper falling off a pile of reports and say aloud, ‘I’m going to put that page into that folder in that file cabinet.’ Then continue from there, perhaps setting a timer for 15 minutes,” she explained.

Thus, the system can help alleviate procrastination, avoidance and stress. Make sure to change things up periodically, however.

“If you start singing the same song or doing the same snaps or making the same weird sound every time, eventually that sound is going to become a part of the default experience, and you’re not going to remember if you made the sound because you always do,” Dearmon Kornick warned.

Ultimately, shisa kanko is a dynamic approach. The method might not be right for you, but it doesn’t hurt to try it out.

“Every ADHD brain is different,” Roberts noted. “What works for some might not work for others. It is critical to understand that if a skill works, keep it. But if a skill doesn’t work, then maybe you and that skill aren’t a good fit. It’s fine to leave it be and find another!”

Have you ever been trapped on a train carriage with someone watching TikToks from their phone without headphones? Or seated on a plane by a passenger blasting music? Or even stuck in a doctor’s office waiting room as a fellow patient broadcasts radio commentary on a sports stream?

If so, you’ve experienced what some call “bare beating”. This term refers to the act of playing music, videos, podcasts or other audio out loud in public without headphones – essentially treating shared space like a personal living room.

“This. Is. Rude. There just is no other way to slice it,” said Nick Leighton, an etiquette expert and host of the Were You Raised by Wolves? podcast.

“You’re imposing your choices on a captive audience. Nobody decided they wanted to listen to that YouTube video, and yet here we are all having to endure it without our consent.”

Jodi R.R. Smith, the president of Mannersmith Etiquette Consulting, agreed, emphasising that bare beating is “unequivocally rude”.

“The presumption that everyone wants to listen to what you are listening to is simply unacceptable,” she said. “This is doubly so if others are unable to move away from you – at work, in an elevator, on public transportation, etc.”

In those tight quarters, what might even seem like low or moderate volume to you can feel disruptive to someone sitting inches away.

“Whether the distraction is visual, or noise related, when someone is intruding on another person’s public space, it’s not easy to look away and ignore,” said Diane Gottsman, the author of Modern Etiquette for a Better Life and founder of The Protocol School of Texas.

“Think of it this way: if a child was doing it in a public space, tight quarters or a restaurant, others would be annoyed and blame the parents for not adjusting the behaviour. When an adult does the same thing, it’s important for them to self adjust and be respectful of others in close proximity.”

Children might get grace for this behaviour because they aren’t as aware of social norms, but for adults who should know better, it’s simply rude. And depending on where you are, it might even be subject to legal penalties.

“Some people just aren’t mindful of how their behaviour affects others and simply have no idea how far phone speakers can carry sound,” Leighton said. “Spoiler alert: It’s way farther than you think.”

Indeed, “bare beaters” don’t necessarily have negative intent and are sometimes blissfully unaware.

“The reason people are doing this is because they are trying to pass the time or may not even realise their volume is offensive,” Gottsman said. “But when you’re sitting inches away from another person, even lower noises are amplified.”

There may even sometimes be understandable reasons for the behaviour. Someone with hearing difficulties may not realise how loud their device is, or they may be experiencing technical issues. Still, Gottsman said, unless it’s an emergency, the courteous move is to wait to listen to the audio when you’re in private.

“Of course, using earbuds and utilising captions is a reasonable option,” she added.

And while bare beating feels like a modern behaviour, it’s not entirely new.

“Forcing strangers to become your unwilling audience has been an issue that’s plagued humanity since the dawn of time,” Leighton said.

Smith pointed out that methods and norms have shifted over the decades.

“Back in the ’80s, being a DJ to those in your surrounding area was actually considered the norm,” she said.

“The person with the giant boombox would play it so that everyone nearby could enjoy the sound,” she said.

“But times change and nearly everyone has the ability to listen to what they like almost anywhere – so long as they are wearing headphones or earbuds.”

For those who flout modern etiquette rules by bare beating, sometimes all it takes is a gentle nudge.

Smith recalled a recent experience at an airport gate where a man was loudly streaming a soccer game on his phone as it was time to board.

“After a few minutes, I turned and asked him what he was watching,” she said. “He excitedly told me his favourite team was playing. I told him that I was having a hard time hearing the boarding announcements and asked if he could use earbuds. He gave his head a quick shake and looked around sheepishly.

“He had not realised how loud his phone was or how many people were giving him ‘the look.’ He apologised to me and the others around him as he put in his earbuds.”

Still, Gottsman emphasised that deciding whether to speak up is a judgment call.

“Is it rude to intrude on other people‘s personal space? The answer is yes,” she said. “But understand that we cannot determine another person‘s reaction, and if you can ignore it for a very short subway ride, it’s probably best to do so.”

Regardless of whether you choose to confront someone over this behaviour, the important thing is to avoid bare beating yourself. Remember: Just because you can press play doesn’t mean everyone else signed up to listen.