The Exposure Triangle Explained: ISO, Aperture, and Shutter Speed for Complete Beginners

Every camera you have ever used, from a disposable Kodak to a $6,000 mirrorless body, does exactly one thing: it controls how much light hits a sensor. That is it. Everything else, the tracking autofocus, the computational wizardry, the menus nested seven layers deep, is in service of that one job. The three tools your camera uses to manage light are ISO, aperture, and shutter speed, and the relationship between them is called the exposure triangle. 

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